Each Student needs: 1 waterproof pen (Sharpie, etc), a 10 cm ruler, a few sheets of semi-log graph paper and regular graph paper,
forceps and a sharp knife ( "Buck knife" is excellent).

Attendance:  Lab attendance is manditory! Lack of attendance is viewed as indifference &
 it WILL negatively affect your final grade.

 

Week	Date	Experiment                      Read: Sect. C	*Reference
1	Jan 22	Read: Sect.C (Making solutions, %, Molar, Molal, Dilutions & Exponents.) Work Dilution Problems.  The Microscope, Cell Structure and Function. Read: Sect. A,B,C (Making solutions, %, Molar, Molal, Dilutions & Exponents.) Appendix A -  Understanding Dilutions;  Be able to work problems.
2	Jan 29	Establish Drosophila melanogaster cultures Read: Sect. C (Making solutions, %, Molar, Molal, Dilutions & Exponents.)Read:  Dilutions	Sect. L &C
3	Feb 5	Osmosis, Diffusion, and Water Relations Sect. A,B&C READ: Spectrophotometry	Sect. B,C & D
4	Feb 12	Analysis of Carbohydrates using Spectrophotometer Appendix C& D,E)	E
5	Feb 19	Enzymes - Catalase and Catecholase C& D,E)	F
6	Feb 26	Photosynthesis - Pigment Systems	G
7	Mar 4	Photosynthesis - Oxygen Liberation	G
8	Mar 11	Fermentation & Respiration	H
9	Mar 18	Week of - Spring Break!!! enjoy your vacation!
10	Mar 25	Mitosis & Meiosis; Begin Transformation Experiments	I
11	Apr 1	No Labs this week due to Ceasar Chavez Holiday	M
12	Apr 8	Yeast growth - Begin Student Designed Experiments: All data to be turned in.	M
13	Apr 15	Meiosis Discuss D. melanogaster results; Begin Yeast Growth Write-Ups -  1st Half- Genetics Problems	K, L
14	Apr 22	Continue Yeast Growth Write-Ups --Meiosis Discuss D. melanogaster results;  Finish  Genetics Problems	K, L
15	Apr 29	Human Genetics - Population Genetics Read Sect N Lab Report  Due to Lab teacher:  1700 on Apr 30	K
	May 1	Trip to Coastal Dunes Lab Attendance is Absolutely Required	N
16	May 6	No lab in lieu of last Saturday's field trip, HOWEVER, Yeast Growth Lab Report:  Due- - -1700 30 Apr '04

* All references are to sections in A Laboratory Manual for Biology 105 
Compiled by the staff in Biology 105.

Your Final Examination: 1240 - 1430, Wednesday, 12 May 2004

Textbook: Biology, The Science of Life, Authors: Wallace, Sanders & Ferl, 4th Ed.
 

Date	Lecture Topic	Read Prior to Class
21 Jan	Logistics, Class rolls, etc.Section C (Lab)	(Chapters 6, 7, & 8)
23 Jan	Darwin & The Beagle; Scientific Method	Chapters 1 & 2
26 Jan	Signs of Life; small molecules Nutrient Cycling;Signs of Life	Chapter 2 & 3
28 Jan	Small Molecules; Nutrient Cycling;Water- Significance of "Mars Probe"	Chapter 3
30 Jan	Large molecules - Lipids Carbohydrates, amino Acids	Chapter 4
2 Feb	Amino Acids; Proteins;best evidence for evolution	Chapter 4
4 Feb	Proteins	Chapter 5
6 Feb	Nucleic Acids; Cell Organelles	Chapter 5
9 Feb	Plasmalemma;; Osmosis; Cell energetics	Chapter 5
11 Feb	Water Potential, ion pumps; Cell Transport
13 Feb	First mid-term examination; BringScan-Tron Form-882; It Will cover chapters 1 - 5	Chapter 6
16 Feb	Cell Energetics;Enzymes;  History;Photosynthesis	Chapter 6
18 Feb	Photosyn;Mitchell'sChemiosmotic Theory of Energy Production	Chapter6, 7
20 Feb	Light Dependent  Rxns Photosystems I & II	Chapter 7
23 Feb	Light Independent Reactions - Calvin-Benson-Bassham Cycle	Chapter 7
25 Feb	C3 and C4 Plants; Photorespiration; CAM plants	Chapter 8
27 Feb	Glycolysis, Fermentation, the 3 parts of Respiration	Chapter 8
1 Mar	Cytosol vs  Mitochondrion
3 Mar	Krebs Cycle
5 Mar	Krebs; Fates of Pyruvate, The Wall
8 Mar	Electron Transport System
10 Mar	The ETS;   Alternative Fuels for Respiration	Chapter 9
12 Mar	2nd Mid-Term Examination; Bring a  Scantron (It WILL cover Chapters 6 - 8)
13 -21 Mar	Spring Break; Spring Break; Spring Break!
22 Mar	Eukaryotic reproduction- - The nucleus; Mitosis; Meiosis	Chapters 10 & 11
24 Mar	Mendelian Genetics:Genes in Chromosomes, Dominance	Chapters 10 & 11
26 Mar	Gene Interactions; Gene interactions; Sex-linked traits	Chapter 12
29 Mar	Polygenes; X-overs & Mapping; History of DNA	Chapter 12
31 Mar	Central Dogma of Biology; Molecular Genetics	Chapter 13
2 Apr	DNA as Genetic Material; Replication; Transcription	Chapter 13
5 Apr	Watson-Crick Model; Wilkins-Franklin;Beadle-Tatum; Hershey-Chase;Chargaff;History of discovery of DNA; Messelson-Stahl; A.E.Garrod; Fred Griffith	Chapter 14
7 Apr	Watson-Crick Model; Wilkins-Franklin;Beadle-Tatum; Hershey-Chase;Chargaff;History of discovery of DNA; Messelson-Stahl; A.E.Garrod; Fred Griffith	Chapter 13
9 Apr	Protein Synthesis (initiation,elongation,termination) DNA Action; Compare DNA w/RNA	Chapter 14
12 Apr	Jacob-Monod Model; Gene Regulation Replication, Transcription, Translation	Chapter 14
14 Apr	Jacob-Monod Model; Gene Regulation Replication, Transcription, Translation
16 Apr	3rd Mid-term; Bring a Scantron (It WILL cover Chapters 9 - 14)
19 Apr	Phages; Plasmids;  Genetic Engineering	Chapter 15
21 Apr	Mutations & Variations,raw materials of Evolution
23 Apr	Mutations; Hardy-Weinberg Population Genetics
26 Apr	Ecosystems & Communities; Species Interactions; Succession	Chapters 16 & 17
28 Apr	Evolution; Natural Selection. Recombination, gene transfer	Chapter 18
30 Apr	4th Mid-term; Bring a Scantron (It will cover Chapters 14-20, omit parts of 17)	Chapters 19 & 20
3 May	Genetic Engineering???; EVOLUTION (Genetic engineering by nature!)	Chapters 19 & 20
5 May	You get your Potential Grade Once I calculate both Lab and Lecture Scores
7 May	You Must make decision on whether you want to take the final examination & How you want it counted.  Written Decision to me by today.
8 -12  May	Study for COMPREHENSIVE Final Exam
16 May	Final Exam   1240 - 1430, 12 May 2004

*Note: A scientific report is a polished, finished report which has been proof-read, contributed to, and signed with the signature of each member of the research team. Nothing less than this type of report will be acceptable. 
IT WILL ONLY BE ACCEPTED ON TIME!!!!
Finalized Scientific Lab Report Due to your lab instructor by 1700 Hours, 30 Apr 04!

Each research team will consist of up to 5 members who will work & cooperate with each other at 1 table together in the lab during this semester. 

If you don't work with the team, you get no credit.

Research Paper Outline: Paper is to be put together in the following order.
I.   Abstract-------------------Brief description of paper
II.  Introduction---------------Get me into the paper
III. Materials and Methods---How you did it
IV. Results --------------------Tables, graphs, data
V.   Discussion-----------------Most important!!! show me YOU understand your Results.
VI.  Conclusions----------------just for review, what did you conclude, be brief.
VII. References----------------Here I want at least 2 original references

Be sure to RE-read THE FOLLOWING before writing up your report!!

Scientific Paper - This is a "biggie". Please re-read the following paragraph and then go to the literature (such as Biochemical Journal) and use the format they use.

Finalized Scientific Paper due to your lab instructor by 1700 Hours, 30 Apr 04!!
 

GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING GROUP SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY REPORTS

A scientific written report of an experiment is an integral part of your investigation or research and represents a record of work done, results observed, and conclusions drawn. You and your readers will both benefit from accurate, clear, and concise writing. Each member of your research team should contribute to the report, proof-read the report to be sure that it is in a polished and finished form, a Magnum Opus! 

Each member of the research team must sign the cover page indicating that (s)he believes that it is a "polished," finished, document. 

Your paper should contain these sections: (1)Abstract; (2) Introduction; (3) Materials and Methods; (4) Results; (5) Discussion; (6) Conclusions; (7) Literature Cited.

A written outline using these main sections should be the first step in preparation. If you have accurately and systematically recorded your observations, results, conclusions, and other pertinent information, you should be able to easily arrange this information in a logical sequence and produce an outline. Prepare a tentative title for your report. When you have completed your report, re-examine your title and rewrite it if necessary to make it clearly representative of your experimental work.

Decisions need to be made concerning the best way to present your data, including material derived from library research. Examine all evidence carefully and "weed out" any material that is not relevant to the objective of your report. Determine the most suitable form for presenting the various types of data to the reader (i.e., data in tables vs data in graphs or other figures).

Tables and Figures. Each must be able to stand alone (i.e., each must have a heading or caption making it understandable to the reader w/o reference to the text). 

Tables. Headings should be placed above tables. Each heading should be brief & concise, but explain the content of the table. Subheadings and units should be placed at the top of columns. Tables should be numbered consecutively throughout the report, but separately from figures. 
Figures. Captions should be placed beneath figures. Each caption should brief and concise, but explain the content of the figure. Both the abscissa and the ordinate on graphs should be identified with labels and units. Figures should be numbered consecutively throughout the report, but separate from tables. Figure numbers should precede the caption.

Contents of the Major Sections

Abstract: A brief summary of the most important aspects of your paper. Go to library and look at several example abstracts from: J. of Biochemistry; Plant Physiology; etc.

Introduction: Get me into your paper. Clearly identify the subject area and state your hypothesis or define the problem your investigation was designed to solve. Present background information or previous studies relevant to your problem. A review of literature relevant to your experiment is appropriate in this section.

Materials and Methods: Describe, in sufficient detail to enable another investigator to evaluate your work or to duplicate your research procedure. Do not copy procedures from lab books or research papers, but if changes were made, detail those changes.

Results: Present your results in an orderly and coherent sequence. Only include data and illustrative material that are pertinent to the subject of your paper. Do not omit important negative results. Identify your controls. Organization of data in tables and figures is desirable and recommended. Provide just enough narrative to make your data understandable, but avoid extensive discussion in this sections!

Discussion: This section provides the reader with your interpretation of the results. State your hypotheses and the predictions you derived from them. Discuss how your data compare with the anticipated results. If your results do not match the predictions of the hypothesis, then: (1) indicate whether your hypothesis should be rejected or modified, (2) isolate procedural errors which may have invalidated your results. Could your hypotheses still be correct in the light of such errors? Suggest briefly other experiments which might extend or modify conclusions reached during the experiment. Discuss significant trends or departures from trends, and a reasonable explanation of them. Thoughtful speculation is permitted in this section. 

Conclusions: This section should be brief and only include conclusions that can be validly drawn & supported by your data. No discussion nor speculation in this section.

Literature Cited: An alphabetical listing of literature actually cited in your paper. Follow the accepted format for citations in scientific literature. (See Fluoride, J. Biochem, Plant Physiology, or J. Cel Biol., etc. for examples) Go to the library or the Internet and graze through several scientific journals in biological sciences. Pay close attention to abstracts; the format of tables, graphs, figures, and literature cited as well as the main body of the paper. This could save you a lot of time!

1. - allow students to actually see, touch and manipulate organisms
2. - provide an opportunity to illustrate concepts, processes and experiments that have 
       been introduced in lecture
3. - engage students in the process of investigation by providing concrete experiences in making
         observations, formulating hypotheses, designing experiments & collecting and evaluating data
4. - spark curiosity and help students develop an appreciation for biology and living things
5. - train students in critical laboratory procedures and techniques
6. - stimulate discussions and debates which furthers understanding
7. - allow for self-pacing
8. - provide time for students to work with and think through a concept or process
9. - give students an opportunity to ask questions and receive personalized instruction
10. - help instructors meet the needs of a diversity of students who come to a course with different 
            goals, experiences, backgrounds, skills, attitudes, expectations, & further needs.

Options for Lecture Grade:

Average of your 4 Mid-Terms (100 points each) (Do not take final exam) = Lecture Average
...Or...
Average of your 4 Mid-Terms + your final exam = Lecture Average

Throw out your 4 Mid-Terms and count 

Final Grade = (Lecture %) (0.6)   +   (Lab %) (0.4)

There are no Letter grades assigned until after all final grades are in.

*****Final % Grades will be ranked and ONLY THEN will they be curved.

1. A SCANTRON FORM 882
2. AN ERASER
3. A #2 PENCIL
4. A SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR     (With No Data Storage )

1. Pay attention to detail
2. Study with another person (small study groups work best)
3. Look at previous exams (posted just outside lab room): + quizzes, notes and papers
4. Read the lecture material before coming to class; and do it more than once
5. Review the lecture notes daily, especially noting when I say, "This WILL be on the exam."
6. Keep up in Class
7. Discuss problems with me early....don't wait
8. Don't miss class; Be on time THIS WILL HAVE A NEGATIVE SUBJECTIVE EFFECT ON YOUR FINAL GRADE!
9. Take good notes and relate the lecture to the book
10. Focus on concepts and read until you understand the material
11. Study the Box Essays in the Textbook
12. Don't be afraid to ask "stupid questions".(the only real stupid question is one you do not ask)
13. Study the ends of the chapters (after reading the chapters) Main Ideas; Self Quizzes
14. My class is not "Coffee Break", nor is it Lunch-Time, nor is your dinner - - -DO NOT BRING EDIBLES TO CLASS. 
      I consider it RUDE for you to drink or to eat while I am lecturing.  I'm not telling you not to eat or drink, just don't do
     it for the 50 minutes you are in my lecture.