terms and definitions so far in lecture on fungi

(terms in bold are not found either in your textbook, or in Appendix D, or in the glossary)

fungi= (lower case) as a common name for all organisms considered as fungi

Fungi= Phylum Fungi—only those fungi classified in this phylum

algae= (lower case) common name for all organisms considered as algae

fungi= heterotrophic; have to obtain their organic material from pre-existing sources

algae= (see page 888 in your textbook and the glossary) photosynthetic autotrophs; have ability to create own organic material from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light and the pigment cholorphyll.

thallus= (lower case) group of cells that can metabolize (build-up and break down chemicals)

thallophytes (lower case)= common name of organisms that possess a thallus; see page 888 in your textbook and the glossary,

Thallophyta (phylum)=; useful term in general botany to about 1970 (see page 888 in your textbook and the glossary)

spore categories

motility of the spore

aplanospore (not motile)

planospore (motile)

zoospore (motile by a flagellum or by flagella)

myxospore (motile by pseudopodia; actually a minute plasmodium)

where found when mature

endospore (in the cell that produces the spores, that is the sporangium, ascus)

exospore (found outside the cell that produces them; in the case of fungi the cell will be a basidium or a conidiogenous cell; if a conidiogenous cell it can be found at the end of a conidiophore (a specialized branch coming from a hypha; at the end of the branch is the conidiogenous cell)

type of nuclear division involved in producing the spore

meiospore (meiosis is involved)

mitospore (mitosis is involved)

other terms

single cell

plasmodium

mycelium (hypha; hyphae)

Kinds of Fruiting Bodies in the Fungi

None

Sporocarp (a fruiting body that contains either mitospores, meiospores, or fusion spores)

Ascocarp (called an ascoma in your book)

Basidiocarp (called a basidiomata in your book)

Tables to know:

15-1

16-1

17-1

Terms to be familiar with for lectures on Thursday and next Tuesday

haploid: a set of chromosomes in which each chromosome is different from the other.

diploid: a set of chromosomes in which each of the different chromosomes in a cell is duplicated; the duplicate chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes

meiosis: reductional nuclear division; one diploid nucleus divides to produce 4 haploid nuclei

mitosis: equational nuclear division; one nucleus divides to produce 2 nuclei; the ploidy number of the beginning nucleus can either be haploid or diploid.

gamete

gametangium

zygote

syngamy (see pictures 17-2): fusion of two cells (typically gametes)

plamogamy (fusion of the protoplasm)

karyogamy (fusion of the nuclei)

isogamy (gametes are identical)

heterogamy (gametes are different)

anisogamy (gametes are slightly different)

oogamy (gametes are completely different)

Sexual Reproduction

Sporic Meiosis (for all practical purposes synonymous with alternations of generation)

Zygotic Meiosis

Gametic Meiosis

Fusion Spores

oospore

zygospore