SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES IN 2002

Global earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 or larger and/or earthquakes that have caused significant damage. Earthquakes that caused fatalities are bold.

Summary: The National Earthquake Information Center reported 82 significant earthquakes during the year 2002. Of these, 13 had magnitudes of 7 or larger and no earthquakes were in the magnitude 8 range. This is significantly below the long term average of about 20 earthquakes of magnitude 7 and larger per year. The largest earthquake was the November 3 magnitude 7.9 Denali earthquake in Central Alaska. The earthquake produced a 300km long surface rupture along the Denali and Totschunda faults. The earthquake was felt widely throughout Alaska and Northwestern Canada. Because of the remote loacation, damage was slight for and earthquake of this magnitude. One person was injured and damage is estimated at $20 million. Minor damage occurred to support structures on the Alaska pipeline but the portion of the pipeline that crossed the fault rupture zone withstood the event because of the engineering design that allowed the pipe to be displaced without breaking. The earthquake caused seiching (oscillations) in water bodies throughout North America and triggered small earthquakes in the Geysers and Yelowstone geothermal areas. Twenty-eight earthquakes caused fatalities during the year causing approximately 1700 deaths, considerably below the long-term average of about 10,000 global earthquake deaths per year or lost year's over 21,000 fatalities. The most destructive earthquake of the year was the March 25 earthquake in Northern Afghanistan that killed at least 1000 people.

Date Time (UTC)

Depth

Magnitude (mb)

Magnitude (Ms)

Magnitude (Mw)

Location, Comments

JANUARY

02 17 22 49

21

6.3

7.5

7.3

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, VANUATU ISLANDS. Several people injured, two bridges destroyed and buildings and roads damaged on Efate. Rockslides blocked access to the wharf at Port Vila. A local tsunami with wave heights of 40 cm (peak-to-trough) observed at Port Vila.

03 07 05 28

129

5.8

6.2

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. At least one person injured and felt strongly in the Mazar-e Sharif-Kabul area. Also felt in Tajikstan, northern Pakistan and northwestern India.

03 10 17 36

10

5.8

6.4

6.7

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, VANUATU ISLANDS. Felt on Efate.

09 06 45 58

33

5.2

TAJIKISTAN. At least 3 people killed, 50 injured and 200 houses, 5 schools and 4 hospitals damaged in the Roghun area.

10 11 14 57

11

6

6.6

6.7

NEAR N COAST OF NEW GUINEA, PNG. One person killed; 200 houses and 250 water tanks destroyed in the Aitape area.

17 20 01 29

15

4.8

LAKE TANGANYIKA REGION. Several people killed and at least 307 buildings destroyed. Some damage at Gisenye, Rwanda. Felt at Kimironko, Rwanda. This is one of the largest of a series of earthquakes associated with the eruption of Volcan Nyiragongo, Congo. Lava flows from this eruption killed at least 45 people, destroyed parts of 14 villages, and caused damage to about one-half of the city of Goma, Congo.

20 00 14 44

10

4.9

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO. Several people killed and at least 300 buildings damaged at Gisenyi, Rwanda. Felt strongly at Kimironko, Rwanda.

22 04 53 52

88

6.2

6.3

CRETE, GREECE. One person reportedly died from a heart attack at Antalya, Turkey. Felt strongly in southwestern Turkey and in eastern Greece. Also felt in southern Greece, in the Cairo, Egypt area, on Cyprus, in northern Israel and in parts of Lebanon.

FEBRUARY

03 07 11 29

10

5.7

6.4

6.5

TURKEY. At least 44 people killed, 318 injured and 622 buildings damaged in Afyon Province. Felt in much of west-central Turkey. Also felt in the Dodecanese Islands, Greece.

03 20 59 27

33

4.9

TAJIKISTAN. Several people reported injured and some buildings damaged in the Roghun area.

05 13 27 25

39

5.8

6.3

6.6

SW PACIFIC, NEW BRITAIN REGION, P.N.G. Not reported felt.

17 13 03 53

33

5.6

5.1

5.4

SOUTHERN IRAN. One person killed, 30 injured and 150 houses damaged at Baghan.

20 11 27 44

1

4.9

POLAND. At least 3 people injured, equipment damaged and several tunnels collapsed in the Rudna Mine. Minor damage to buildings.

MARCH

03 12 08 23

226

6.6

7.4

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. At least 150 people killed, several injured and 400 houses damaged or destroyed by a landslide that dammed and flooded Surkundara Valley, Samanghan Province. At least 13 people killed at Kabul and Rustaq and 3 people killed at Bajaua, Pakistan. At least 300 houses destroyed in Badakhshan and Takhar Provinces. A 50 yard wide fissure opened in Xiker Reservoir in Xinjiang Province, China. Felt in much of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Also felt in India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Xinjiang, China.

05 21 16 10

31

6.3

7.2

7.5

MINDANAO, PHILIPPINES. At least 15 people killed, more than 100 injured and many buildings damaged/destroyed in southern and central Mindanao. In South Cotabato Province landslides breached the crater wall of Mount Parker volcano and fell into Lake Maughan, creating a flood which washed away houses and flooded 9 sub-districts in the province. Local tsunamis with heights estimated at 3 meters caused damage at Kiamba, Maitum and Palimbang.

25 14 56 37

8

5.9

6.2

6.1

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. 100 miles N Kabul. At least 1000 people killed 600 injured, 1,500 houses destroyed in the Nahrin area. Approximately 20,000 people homeless. Felt strongly in much of northern Afghanistan. Also felt in the Islamabad-Peshawar area, Pakistan and Dushanbe, Tajikistan.

26 03 45 49

33

5.9

6.6

6.4

SOUTHWESTERN RYUKYU ISL., JAPAN. Not reported felt.

27 08 52 52

10

5.9

5.4

5.6

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. Aftershock of 3/25. Additional damage and injuries.

28 04 56 22

122

6.3

6.5

CHILE-BOLIVIA BORDER REGION. Felt (V) in much of northern Chile.

31 06 52 51

33

6.4

7.4

7.1

TAIWAN REGION. At least 5 people killed, 200 injured and 3 buildings collapsed in the T'aipei area. Water and gas pipes were broken and landslides blocked highways in eastern Taiwan. Felt in much of Taiwan. A 20 cm tsunami was recorded on Yonaguni-jima, Ryukyu Islands.

APRIL

01 06 14 15

81

5

EASTERN NEW GUINEA REG., P.N.G. Thirty-six people presumed killed by a landslide in Morobe Province.

12 04 00 24

10

5.8

5.9

5.9

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. At least 50 people killed, 200 injured and buildings severely damaged in the Do Abi-Nahrin area. Landslides blocked the road to Nahrin. Felt at Kabul. Also felt at Peshawar, Pakistan and Dushanbe, Tajikistan.

18 16 08 36

62

6.2

6.6

6.7

NORTHERN CHILE. 25 miles E of Copiago, Chile. At least 47 people injured in the Copiapo-Tierra- Amarilla area. At least 455 homes sustained minor damage, 120 major damage and 34 completely destroyed (VII) in the Copiapo-Terra-Amarilla area. .Felt from Antofagasta, 1,400 kilometers (870 miles) north of Santiago to Rancagua,53 miles south of Santiago.

22 04 57 02

67

4.4

NEAR COAST OF PERU. Caused panic in Lima, one heart attack death.

24 10:51:51

10

5.6

5.7

NORTHWESTERN BALKANS. 15 miles (25 km) ESE of Pristina, Yugoslavia. 1 killed, 60 injured in Kosovo.

24 19 48 07

33

5.2

WESTERN IRAN. 20 miles NE of Bakhtaran (Kermanshah), Iran. 2 killed, 56 injured.

25 17 41 24

33

4.8

4.3

NORTHWESTERN CAUCASUS. 5 miles NNW of Tbilisi, Georgia. 5 killed, dozens injured, 550 buildings damaged in Tbilisi.

26 16 06 06

86

6.6

7.2

7.1

MARIANA ISLANDS. 30 miles SW of Hagatna, Guam. Power outages, at least 5 injured.

MAY

15 03 46 06

10

5.5

6.2

6.2

TAIWAN. One person killed, one injured and 2 houses damaged at Tung-shan.

18 15 15 09

10

5.2

5.5

LAKE VICTORIA REGION, AFRICA. Two people killed, at least 690 huts collapsed and 700 damaged and more than 400 families homeless in the Bunda area, Tanzania.

24 20 42 27

10

4.7

NORTHWESTERN BALKAN REGION. mb 4.7 (GS). Five people slightly injured and buildings damaged in southwestern Romania.

25 05 36 32

33

5.5

6.4

6.5

SOUTH OF ALASKA. 90 miles SW of Chernabura Island, AK. Not reported felt.

28 04 04 22

23

6.1

5.7

6

CATAMACA PROVINCE, ARGENTINA. At least 27 people treated for injuries, forty to sixty houses collapsed and about fifty percent of the houses sustained some damage in the areas of Aminga, Anillaco and Aqua Blanca.

JUNE

13 01 27 18

10

5.4

6.6

6.6

SOUTHEASTERN INDIAN RIDGE. 1380 miles SSW of Perth, Australia. Not reported felt.

14 02 42 47

52

4.9

EASTERN HONSHU, JAPAN. One person injured at Toride. Felt in the Tokyo area. Bullet train service temporarily interrupted.

17 21:26:23

33

6

6.6

6.7

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, SANTA CRUZ ISLANDS. 210 miles NNW of Santo, Vanuatu. Not reported felt.

18 13:56:22

53

6

6.6

CHILE-ARGENTINA BORDER REGION. 3 houses destroyed. Felt in the Coquimbo area and south into the Santiago area, Chile. Felt in parts of Argentina including tall buildings in Buenos Aires.

20 05 04 42

33

4.7

INDIA-BANGLADESH BORDER. 50 people injured at Rangpur, 5 injured at Thakugaon. Also felt in northern Bangladesh and northern West Bengal, India.

22 02:58:20

10

6.2

6.4

6.5

WESTERN IRAN. 65 miles NNE of Hamadan, Iran. At least 261 people killed and 1300 injured in the Buin Zahra - Avaj area. Water and irrigation systems were severely damaged in the area. Surface fissures were observed between Abdarreh and Changureh, which were the villages that sustained the heaviest damage. Damage was estimated at 91 million U.S. dollars. Felt strongly in western Iran, including Tehran. Felt at Tehran and in much of western Iran.

24 01 20 36

10

5

4.7

TUNISIA.Twelve people injured and some houses collapsed in the Kairouan area. Felt in much of northern Tunisia.

26 18 18 14

10

4.6

WESTERN IRAN. Aftershock of 6/22. Two people injured at Razan. Felt in parts of Hamadan and Qazvin Provinces.

27 05 50 33

10

6

6.9

6.6

SOUTHWEST OF SUMATRA, INDONESIA. 145 milesSW of T.-Telukbetung, Sumatra, Indonesia. Felt in Jakarta.

28 17:19:40

566

6.7

7.3

RUSSIA- CHINA BORDER REGION. 65 miles W of Ussuriysk, Russia. Felt in the E. Russia - NE China border area and in Beijing.

30 21 29 36

619

5.5

6.5

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, SOUTH OF FIJI. Not reported felt.

JULY

31 00 16 45

10

5.9

6.4

6.5

SOUTH OF PANAMA. At least 11 people injured, some houses damaged and pipes broken in the Baru area of Panama. A wharf also damaged at Puerto Armuelles. Four people injured and some houses damaged in the Laurel area, Costa Rica. Felt strongly in western Panama and most of Costa Rica.

AUGUST

08 11 42 05

33

5.4

4.7

5.2

SICHUAN, CHINA. At least eight houses destroyed and about 66 damaged in Xinlong County.

14 13 57 56

65

6.1

6.5

NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC, MARIANA ISLANDS. Minor damage on Saipan. Felt strongly on Guam and Saipan.

15 05 30 29

33

5.8

5.8

6.2

SULAWESI, INDONESIA. At least 48 people injured and 500 houses damaged in the Tojo area of Sulawesi.

19 11 01 02

580

6.7

7.6

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, FIJI ISLANDS REGION. Not reported felt.

19 11 08 26

675

6.9

7.7

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, SOUTH OF FIJI ISLANDS. Felt at Suva. Also felt at Auckland, New Zealand.

SEPTEMBER

06 01 21 28

10

5.8

5.5

5.9

SICILY, ITALY. Two people died from heart attacks, twenty injured and some buildings damaged in the Palermo area. Also felt at Agrigento, Caltanissetta, Catania, Enna, Messina and Trapani.

08 18:44:26

13

7.6

7.5

NEAR NORTH COAST OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA. 65 miles WNW of Wewak. 4 people killed,70 injured, several villages badly damaged. Local tsunami with 4 meter maximum wave height.

13 22 28 31

21

6.3

6.5

6.5

ANDAMAN ISLANDS, INDIA REGION. At least two people killed and 40 houses destroyed on Middle Andaman Island. A local tsunami near Ross and Smith Islands.

15 08 39 32

578

6.3

6.5

EASTERN RUSSIA-N.E. CHINA BORDER REGION. Not reported felt.

20 15 43 37

10

6

6.4

6.4

IRIAN JAYA REGION, INDONESIA. At least 31 houses damaged at Ransiki.

22 23 53 15

9

4.8

5

UNITED KINGDOM. West Midlands region. One person injured at Mansfield. Chimney collapse and minor damage in the Dudley area.

23 03 57 22

120

6.3

SAN JUAN PROVINCE, ARGENTINA. Additional damage to buildings in Mendoza, previously damaged by earthquake on June 18.

24 23 01 29

19

5.7

6.5

6.3

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, SOLOMON ISLANDS. Not reported felt.

25 18 14 49

6

5.2

4.7

OFFSHORE, GUERRERO, MEXICO. Two injured and buildings damaged in the Acapulco area. Felt in Mexico City.

25 22 28 16

33

5.5

5

5.6

WESTERN IRAN. At least five people injured and a number of houses damaged in the Masjed-Soleymon area. Also at least 30 head of cattle was killed in the area.

OCTOBER

03 16 08 30

10

5.4

6.2

6.5

GULF OF CALIFORNIA. Felt at Mazatlan.

10 10 50 20

10

7.6

IRIAN JAYA REGION, INDONESIA. 55 miles S. of Manokwari, Indonesia. 8 deaths, 632 injured. More than a 1000 buildings damaged. Surface fault rupture.

10 12 28 25

10

6.7

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, IRIAN JAYA REGION, INDONESIA. 40 miles S. of Manokwari, Indonesia. Aftershock of above.

12 20 09 11

534

6.5

6.9

WESTERN BRAZIL. 85 miles ESE of Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil. Felt in Peru.

23 11 27 20

10

6.1

6.7

6.7

CENTRAL ALASKA. 30 miles ENE of Cantwell, AK, 85 miles S of Fairbanks on a segment of the Denali fault. Felt from Fairbanks to Anchorage. Items knocked from shelves at Anchorage, Big Lake, Fairbanks, Eagle River and Talkeetna. Foreshock of the Nov. 3 earthquake.

29 10 02 19

10

4.3

SICILY, ITALY. Near Catania, Sicily. Damage to unreinforced masonry structures in Santa Venerina; at least 9 injured. Associated with the eruption of Mount Etna.

31 10 32 59

10

5.3

5.6

5.9

SOUTHERN ITALY. 40 miles WNW of Foggia, Italy. At least 29 people killed including 26 children and a teacher when a school collapsed. Extensive damage in the Compobasso area.

NOVEMBER

01 15 09 01

10

5.5

5.6

5.8

SOUTHERN ITALY. 35 miles WNW of Foggia, Italy. 3 people injured and additional damage at San Giuliano di Puglia.

01 22 09 30

33

5.3

5.4

NORTHWESTERN KASHMIR. At least 17 deaths, 65 injured and extensive damage in northern Kashmir. Landslides.

02 01 26 12

33

6.2

7.7

7.4

NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA. 175 miles WSW of Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia. At least 3 people killed, 60 injuries and estensive damage on Simeulue Island.

03 03 37 43

49

5.7

6.1

6.4

NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN. One person injured at Sendai.

03 11 27 20

5

7

8.5

7.9

CENTRAL ALASKA. 43 miles ENE of Cantwell, AK, 85 miles S of Fairbanks on the Denali fault. Felt from Fairbanks to Anchorage. Items knocked from shelves at Anchorage, Big Lake, Fairbanks, Eagle River and Talkeetna. One person injured. Damage estimated at $20 million. Felt by people in high-rise buildings in Seattle. Surface waves triggered seiches in Lake Union, WA, Idaho, Oklahoma, Missouri, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Louisiana. Triggered seismicity in Yellowstone, Mammoth Lakes and the Geysers, CA. 300 km long surface rupture with right-lateral slip of at least 7 meters.

07 15:14:06

33

5.9

6.4

6.6

RAT ISLANDS, ALEUTIAN ISLANDS. 25 miles SE of Amchitka, 175 miles SW of Adak. Not reported felt.

15 19 58 34

33

6

6.6

6.7

SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND, SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS. Not reported felt.

17 04:53:50

499

6.9

7.3

NORTHWEST OF THE KURIL ISLANDS. 170 miles ESE of Poronaysk, Sakhalin Island, Russia. The earthquake was felt on Sakhalin Island and eastern Hokkaido, Japan. No damage reported.

20 21 32 31

33

5.7

6.5

6.4

NORTHWESTERN KASHMIR. At least 30 people killed, many injured and extensive damage in the Astor-Valley and Dashkin area. Landslides blocked many roads in the epicentral area. More than 15,000 people homeless.

DECEMBER

02 04 58 55

10

5.2

5.4

5.6

SOUTHERN GREECE. 45 miles SW of Patras. At least 17 people injured when a rockslide near Megalopolis derailed a train. Many buildings damaged in the Vartholomion area. Felt strongly on Zakynthos, Arkadia, Ileia and Korinthia Provinces.

12 08 30 43

33

6

6.6

6.7

SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC, NEW IRELAND REGION, PAPUA NEW GUINEA. 75 miles ESE Rabaul. Felt in Rabaul.

14 13 27 31

33

5.6

5.3

5.5

GANSU, CHINA. 270 miles NNE of Golmud, Qinghai, China Two people killed and 13,380 houses, five highways and three bridges damaged in Gansu Province.

24 17 03 03

33

5

4.4

WESTERN IRAN. 25 miles NE of Bakhtaran (Kermanshah), Iran. Fifteen people injured and about 3,000 homes destroyed in Kermanshah Province. The homes had been damaged by the earthquake of April 24. Felt in Hamadan, Lorestan and Kordestan Provinces.

25 12 57 07

33

5.4

5.5

5.7

SOUTHERN XINJIANG, CHINA. 50 miles WNW of Kashi, Xinjiang, ChinaSeveral houses destroyed, some buildings damaged and a landslide blocked a highway in Wuqia. Felt at Kashi.

25 19 13 43

92

5.2

5.5

HINDU KUSH REGION, AFGHANISTAN. 95 miles (150 km) NNE of Kabul, Afghanistan. Minor damage to dozens of buildings at Jalalabad. Felt at Bagram and Kabul. Also felt at Islamabad, Pakistan.

Magnitudes: mb body wave magnitude, Ms surface wave magnitude, Mw moment magnitude, ML local magnitude.

This information compiled by Lori Dengler, Humboldt Earthquake Education Center based on information provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, January 10, 2003.