• USDA-APHIS Animal Care; this site has many links with USDA-related information including a page of information covering the Animal Welfare Act, its history, and a page of welfare-related links.

• The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1996); this site includes an unabridged version of the chapters of the "Guide."

• The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW, formally OPRR- the Office for Protection from Research Risks' Division of Animal Welfare) at the National Institute of Health.

• The document providing legally appropriate euthanasia methods. This document is also available as the 2000 Report of the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (2001; volume 218(5): 669-696). This document is referred to specifically by the Code of Federal Regulations and by all of the major policy guidelines concerning animal welfare in the US.

Links to recommendations from professional societies

• The American Society of Mammalogist's (1998) Guidelines for the Capture, Handling and Care of Mammals.

• The Ornithological Council's Guidelines (1999) to the Use of Wild Birds in Research.

• Recommendations for the Care of Amphibians and Reptiles in Academic Institutions (1992) from National Academic Press. This is an excellent on-line resource for animal handlers working with herps in captivity.

• Guidelines for Use of Live Amphibians and Reptiles in Field Research (1987) from the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH), The Herpetologists' League (HL), and the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR).

• Guidelines for the Use of Fishes in Field Research (1988) from the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) the American Fisheries Society (AFS), and American Institute of Fisheries Research Biologists (AIFRB).

• American Physiological Society Policy Statements On Animals in Research and Education

• Working Safely with Research Animals (1996). This symposium was hosted by the Centers for Disease Control, and it contains information concerning occupational hazards associated with working with animals.

• Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals (1997). From the National Research Council, this reference contains information concerning occupational hazards associated with working with animals.

A Couple of Additional References:

• Bird, S. J. 2001. The Ethics Of Using Animals in Research.

• Bishop, L. J. and A. L. Nolan. 2001. Animals in Research and Education:
  Ethical Issues. Kennedy Institute of Ethics 11.1: 91-112.

• Friend, M. and J. C. Franson (editors). 1999. Ch. 5. Euthanasia. In Field Manuel of Wildlife Diseases. USDI, USGS, Madison, WI. 49-51.

• Friend, M. and J. C. Franson (editors). 1999. Ch. 6. Guidelines for proper care and use of wildlife in field research. In Field Manuel of Wildlife Diseases. USDI, USGS, Madison, WI. 49-51.

• NIH.2002. Methods and Welfare Considerations in Behavioral Research with Animals. NIH Publication No. 02-5083.
  

• Williams, B. 1999. Wildlife research and the IACUC. In Information Resources of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees 1985-1999. T. Allen, editor. USDA. Animal Welfare Information Center, Beltsville. 409-416.
  

For more information, contact:

Dr. Richard Brown, HSU Veterinarian

CNRS, Dean's Office
Humboldt State University
1 Harpst Street
Arcata, California 95521
(707) 826-3320

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