|
Program
|
Description (˜indicates an especially
widely used program)
|
Density Estimation
|
|
DISTANCE
|
˜Provides
an analysis of distance sampling data to estimate density and abundance of a
population.
|
|
TRANSECT
|
Analyzes line transect data as
described by Burnham et al. (1980), analyzing both perpendicular distances
and sighting angle and sighting distance data.
|
|
WEBSIM
|
Assists in the optimal design of trapping webs for density
estimation.
|
|
|
|
Population Software
(survival, density, population size, capture/recapture/resight probabilities,
etc.)
|
|
BAND2
|
Computes the number of animals that must be banded in
order to achieve a specified level of precision for survival rates estimated
using band recovery models. (from USGS Patuxent Software site)
|
|
CONTRAST
|
Compares estimates of survival (or any normally
distributed parameter estimates). (from USGS Patuxent Software site)
|
|
ESOR
|
Estimates patch occupancy rates and related parameters. (from USGS Patuxent
Software site)
|
|
MARK
|
˜Program
MARK, a Windows 95, 98, or NT program, provides parameter estimates from
marked animals when they are re-encountered at a later time.
|
|
MAYFIELD
|
Computes estimates of daily survival rate for nest
visitation data. (from
USGS Patuxent Software site)
|
|
PRESENCE
|
Estimates patch occupancy rates and related parameters. (from USGS Patuxent
Software site)
|
|
RELEASE
|
Computes estimates of survival and capture probability for
capture-recapture experiments on open animal populations. (from USGS Patuxent
Software site)
|
|
SCATMAN
|
Tests the hypothesis of prey-selectivity based on random
samples of predator scats.
|
|
SURVIV
|
Computes estimates of survival (or any model parameter)
with multinomially distributed data.
|
|
PVA_EXT
|
Population Viability Analysis packaged as an extension to
ESRI products.
|
|
MICROMORT & SURGE
|
Alternative survival analysis packages.
|
|
|
|
Home Range Estimators
|
|
ANIMAL
MOVEMENT
|
˜ESRI
Product (extension) that enables home estimation (MCP and fixed kernel),
nearest neighbor analyses, path analyses, random point, etc.
|
|
HOME
RANGER
|
Calculates fixed or adaptive kernel home ranges of animals
from radio-telemetry data.
|
|
RANGES6
|
˜Allows
easy analysis of animal movement & locations, including location
estimator (see radio telemetry below), various home range estimators, and
some resource selection functions (see Habitat Analyses, below).
|
|
BIOTAS
|
˜Calculates
various home range estimators, spatial statistics, and integrates with GIS
(also performs some resource selection functions, see Habitat Analyses,
below).
|
|
CALHOME
|
˜Calculates
various home range estimators.
|
|
|
|
Community Analyses
|
|
SPECRICH
|
Computes "species richness" or total number of
species from empirical species abundance distribution data.
|
|
ECOSIM
|
˜An interactive computer program
for null model analysis in community ecology – e.g., co-occurrence, niche
overlap, etc.
|
|
RAREFACTION
CALCULATOR
|
A
quick web-based calculator for rarefaction samples useful with small datasets.
|
|
|
|
Radio telemetry (locations,
also see home range)
|
|
TRIANG
|
A simple program to calculate triangulations.
|
|
LOAS
|
˜Location
of a signal – allows various methods of location (best biangulation,
triangulation, maximum likelihood estimator, etc.). Also does some home range estimations (see above).
|
|
LOCATE
|
A DOS-based program which replaces manually drawing
bearings on maps and guesstimating where animals are located.
|
|
|
|
Habitat Analyses
|
|
BYCOMP.SAS
|
A SAS program to perform Compositional Analysis as
described in the work by Aebischer et. al. (Ecology 1993).
|
|
SELECTION RATIOS
|
An Excel-based program that calculates otherwise laborious
selection ratio analyses.
Written by Ken Gerow and available from Matt Johnson.
|
|
PREFER
|
Performs calculations described in Johnson (1980) to
determine the preference of J individuals for I components using availability
and usage data.
|
|
FRAGSTATS
|
˜Quantifies
landscape structure through numerous metrics including: area, patch density,
size and variability metrics; edge, shape, core area, and diversity metrics,
and contagion and interspersion metrics. Two separate versions of Fragstats
exist, one for vector images and one for raster images.
|
|
CWHR
|
Predicts species occupancy and habitat values based on
inputted habitat variables for the state of California.
|
|
ORWHR
|
Similar to above, but covers Oregon.
|
|
HARVEST
|
A timber harvest simulation model constructed to allow the
input of specific rules to allocate forest stands for even-age harvest
(clearcuts and shelterwood) and group selection, using parameters commonly
found in National Forest Plan standards and guidelines.
|
|
RAMAS
GIS
|
Links your GIS with a metapopulation model for population viability
analysis and extinction risk assessment. (RAMAS has numerous other
ecological/conservation software products).
|
|
|
|
General Statistics
|
|
SAS
|
˜
The most “tried & true” and flexible stats package. If you need to do it, SAS can handle
it. Not, however, the most user
friendly. First designed for
business analyses.
|
|
SPSS
|
˜
A menu-driven statistics package; robust and relatively user-friendly. First designed for social science
analyses.
|
|
SYSTAT
|
A menu-driven statistics package; robust and relatively
user-friendly; has extensive graphing capabilities. First designed for psychology analyses. First written for Macintosh.
|
|
NCSS
|
Not widely used, some questions re: its accuracy.
|
|
BMDP
|
Robust package first designed for biomedical analyses;
relatively user friendly.
|
|
MINITAB
|
Robust package first designed for teaching statistics.
|
|
SPLUS
|
Robust package first designed for social sciences.
|
|
|
|
General GIS
|
|
ArcView (see ESRI
for all Arc… products)
|
˜
Easy-to-use product by ESRI that allows anyone to view, explore, and print
published map files, plus some data visualization, query, analysis, and
integration capabilities along with the ability to create and edit simple
geographic features.
|
|
ArcEditor
|
Includes
all the functionality of ArcView and adds the power to create and edit
features in a multi-user geodatabase.
|
|
ArcInfo
|
˜ It includes all the functionality of ArcView and
ArcEditor and adds the advanced geoprocessing and data conversion
capabilities that make ArcInfo the de facto standard for GIS.
|
|
ArcGIS
|
˜ Provides flexibility when
configuring a system since it is modular and scalable. It is modular in the
sense that you acquire the system in pieces.
|
|
SPATIAL
ANALYST
|
˜ An ESRI extension that provides a broad range of
powerful spatial modeling and analysis features.
|
|
|
|
General Graphing
|
|
SIGMAPLOT
|
˜
The most flexible and complete graphing software package. User friendly.
|
|
EXCEL
|
˜All
hail Bill Gates. It can meet most
basic graphing needs; everyone with Microsoft Office has it.
|
|
DELTAGRAPH
|
Chief competitor to SigmaPlot; best supported for
Macintosh.
|
Table below shows the % of papers examined (from 2002) that
used the listed programs.
Asterisks indicate software that were clearly used much more than
indicated in this table because the authors often do not specify which GIS
software they used.